#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#define _SILENCE_CXX17_C_HEADER_DEPRECATION_WARNING
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int N = 1e7 + 50;
char str[N], tmp[N >> 4];
int main()
{
    int T, n, L, R;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while (T--)
    {
        scanf("%d%d", &L, &R);
        for (int i = L; i <= R; i++)
        {
            itoa(i, tmp, 2);
            strcat(str, tmp);
        }
        int len = strlen(str);
        int ans = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
        {
            if (memcmp(str + i, "010", 3) == 0) ans += 2;
            if (memcmp(str + i, "101", 3) == 0) ans += 3;
        }
        printf("%d ", ans);
        puts(str);
    }
    return 0;
}